4/4 Violin 4/4全尺寸小提琴

注意：

这一款小提琴需要弦长至少为545mm（A，D弦）530mm（E，G弦）。市面上的4/4小提琴弦长为53cm~60cm，购买前请注意选择合适的规格。

小提琴只需要打印前两盘，第三盘为可选项，详情请参见下面的描叙。较老的配置文件模型要求更长的弦长。AD不小于550mm，EG不小于565mm。建议打印前可以执行流量比例校准，因为这款小提琴设计时希望各个零件能够紧密装配在一起，大多数配合间隙只有0.2mm。

Notice:
This violin model requires a minimum string length of 545 mm for the A and D strings, and 530 mm for the E and G strings. Standard 4/4 violin string lengths typically range from 530 mm to 600 mm. Please make sure to select strings of appropriate length before purchasing. 

Only the first two plates needs to be printed. The third plate is optional. For details, please refer to the description below. Older configuration file models require longer string lengths: minimum 550mm for A and D strings, and 565mm for E and G strings. It is recommended to perform a flow rate calibration before printing, as this violin is designed with tightly fitting components—most clearance gaps are only 0.2mm.

这款小提琴原则上只需要购买4/4尺寸小提琴弦，就可以演奏。但是建议至少加入8mm碳钎维杆以确保长时间的使用。

With the right length 4/4 size violin strings, this violin would works well. However, it is recommended to add 8mm carbon fiber rod to ensure long-term durability. 5.5mm rod is an option.

这里是我儿子使用第四版小提琴演奏的视频：

Here is a video of my son playing with the fourth version of this violin:

Here is a video of my friend Karl playing with the v7.1b violin:

第三盘为可选打印方式 Optional Print Settings for the Third Plate：

• 指板（水平打印）Fingerboard (horizontal print)：

默认为垂直打印，可以得到表面非常光滑的零件。（如图）By default, the fingerboard is printed vertically, which results in a very smooth surface (as shown in the picture).

如果热床底板的附着力不够，可以采用水平打印。水平打印的零件表面会有鱼鳞状的纹路，我个人很喜欢这样的纹路。但是建议对表面进行打磨，以获得更好的手感。If your print bed has insufficient adhesion, you can choose to print it horizontally. Horizontal prints will have a scaly surface texture — something I personally like — but I recommend sanding the surface for a better playing feel.

• 琴颈（45度打印）Neck (45-degree angle print)

45度打印琴颈会获得更好更光滑的表面效果，但是如果热床底板的附着力不够，可能会打印失败。我用的是Bigtreetech的Frostbite板。

Printing the neck at a 45° angle will produce a better and smoother surface finish. However, poor bed adhesion may cause print failures. I used Bigtreetech’s Frostbite print bed for this.

版本7.32c

• 略微调整弦张紧主体外形，使得齿轮安装更容易
• 略微调整琴身前部内部边缘形状，使得打印时底部层纹更不明显

版本7.31c

• 调整指板默认打印方式为水平，提高一次打印成功率
• 弦张紧机构增加两侧齿轮挡板
• 腮托略微调整，更容易安装和取下。

版本7.3c

• 重新设计了弦张紧机构的主体外形，使得装配时更加容易
• 调整了腮托和肩托，使得装配更加紧密，不容易掉下来。
• 调整了打印配置中模型的摆放和支撑，使得X，P系列打印机可以打印。
• 将肩托移到第二打印板。

版本7.2c

• 重新设计了弦张紧机构，使其适用于大多数市面上可购买的小提琴弦。EG不小于530mm，AD不小于545mm。需要重新打印小提琴后部，以便放入新的张紧机构。其他部分不需要重新打印，与旧版本的零件通用。
• 增加了一个可选的单边腮托。这个腮托有两个版本，插入支撑脚远离小提琴边缘的是适用于老版本v7.0和v7.1的，支撑脚离边缘更近的是v7,2c版本使用的。打印时请注意选择。
• 增加了一个简单的可选肩托。
• 增加了装配说明视频

版本7.1c

• 修改了8mm碳钎维杆孔洞的形状，以便在组装时更容易插入加强杆。
• 适当减小了琴颈的预弯曲程度。
• 稍稍加宽了F孔的宽度。

Version 7.32c

• Slightly adjusted the shape of the string tensioner body to make gear installation easier.
• Slightly modified the internal edge at the front of the violin body to reduce visible layer lines at the bottom during printing.

Version 7.31c

• Adjusted the default printing orientation of the fingerboard to horizontal to improve first-time print success rate
• Added gear stoppers on both sides of the string tensioning mechanism
• Slightly modified the chinrest for easier installation and removal

Version 7.3c

• Redesigned the main structure of the string tensioning mechanism to allow for easier assembly.
• Adjusted the chin rest and shoulder rest for a more secure fit, reducing the likelihood of them falling off.
• Updated the model orientation and support settings in the print configuration to ensure compatibility with X and P series printers.
• Moved the shoulder rest to the second print plate.

Version 7.2c Updates:

• Redesigned the string tensioning mechanism to be compatible with most commercially available violin strings. Minimum lengths: 530mm for E and G strings, 545mm for A and D strings. The back section of the violin needs to be reprinted to accommodate the new tensioning mechanism. All other parts remain compatible with the previous version and do not require reprinting.
• Added an optional single-side chin rest. There are two versions of this chin rest. The one with support posts positioned farther from the violin’s edge is designed for the older versions v7.0 and v7.1. The version with support posts closer to the edge is intended for use with v7.2c. Please make sure to select the correct version when printing.
• Added a simple optional shoulder rest.
• Added an assembly instruction video.

Version 7.1c Updates:

• Modified the 8 mm carbon fiber rod holes to make inserting the reinforcement rods easier during assembly.
• Slightly reduced the amount of pre-bend in the neck.
• Slightly widened the F-hole width.

v7.31c组装说明参见第二张动图（GIF）

4/4全尺寸3D打印小提琴介绍  Full-size 4/4 3D Printed Violin Introduction

综合材料刚性，阻尼，经济性考虑，我设计的4/4 3D小提琴采用PLA+耗材打印。设计中的各方面考虑也主要是基于PLA+耗材。理论上，碳钎维耗材和PETG耗材可能会获得更明亮的音色，但是我没有试过。

由于PLA+的密度远高于传统小提琴常用云杉木密度，刚性也略逊。所以我的设计主要在于提升小提琴整体音量，特别是高音部分的表现。整个小提琴采用低弧高设计，外形参考Francois Denis’ Traité de Lutherie: The Violin and the Art of Measurement，在尽量保证主音腔的完整的前提下做了一些修改。上下面板厚度相对于传统小提琴更薄，面板采用变厚度设计，边缘更薄以提升音质。为了保证主音腔的机械强度，对于低音梁的形状略作修改。参考了一些文献，考虑到3D打印的特点，重新设计了F孔。现在的每个F孔由三部分组成，而且更加狭长，以适当减弱低音，增强高音部分的表现。

This 4/4 violin is designed for 3D printing using PLA+ filament, balancing material stiffness, damping, and cost-effectiveness. All design considerations were based primarily on the properties of PLA+. In theory, carbon fiber or PETG filaments may produce a brighter tone, but I haven’t tested them myself.

Since PLA+ has a much higher density and slightly lower stiffness compared to spruce (a traditional tonewood used in violins), the design mainly aims to improve overall volume — especially the projection of high frequencies.

The violin features a low-arch body design, with its outline based on Francois Denis’ Traité de Lutherie: The Violin and the Art of Measurement, and has been modified to preserve the main acoustic chamber while optimizing the design.

The top and back plates are thinner than those of traditional violins, with variable thickness for better tone quality. The edges are especially thin to enhance sound response. To preserve structural strength, I slightly modified the bass bar shape.

The F-holes have also been redesigned to better suit the nature of 3D printing. Based on reference literature, each F-hole now consists of three parts, and the overall shape is more slender, which slightly reduces low-frequency resonance and enhances high-frequency performance.

琴颈增加了一点点预弯曲量，在4根弦完全安装并调音后，琴颈会恢复成平直的状态。

新设计了蜗杆结构的弦张紧机构。齿轮材料使用eSUN的PLA+打印，目前一共打印了7把琴，未出现齿轮断裂现象。如果想了解更多有关我设计的小提琴，请访问我的网站。

The neck includes a slight pre-bend, which straightens out when all four strings are installed and tuned.

A new worm gear-style string tension mechanism was designed. The gears are printed using eSUN PLA+, and in the seven violins I've made so far, there have been no gear breakages.

To learn more about this violin design, please visit my website:

https://sites.google.com/view/uv4u