3M VOC Filter Hood for P1S/X1C

Project artifacts are a work in progress. Build instructions and additional information coming soon.

Project Overview

This VOC extraction system for Bambu Lab P1S, X1C, X1, and P1P printers uses 3M P100 Organic Vapor Respirator Cartridges (60921) certified by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). These industrial-grade filters offer standardized filtration performance, providing a transparent alternative to systems that rely on carbon sources of varying quality and consumer-grade filtration components.

Project Background

My goal was to create a filtration system using professionally certified, standardized filters rather than custom filter media. This project began from a personal desire to feel more confident about operating a 3D printer in my home environment.

While I'm not claiming this solution makes 3D printing completely safe, it represents a thoughtful approach using components with documented specifications. I've reached a satisfactory endpoint with this design, but I encourage others to adapt and improve upon it for their specific needs.

This design prioritizes:

• Using certified respiratory filters with known specifications
• Creating a modular system that can be easily maintained
• Providing an accessible, open-source alternative to proprietary solutions

Technical Specifications

• NIOSH-Certified Filters: Uses 3M respirator cartridges that meet documented NIOSH standards
• Standardized Filtration: According to 3M specifications, their P100 filters are rated to filter 99.97% of particles and include activated carbon for organic vapor adsorption
• Custom Bayonet Adapters: 3D printed adapters designed to mate 3M's bayonet-style cartridge to 5015 blower fans
• Straightforward Maintenance: Filter replacement requires only new 3M cartridges rather than sourcing and replacing loose filter media

Compatible 3M Cartridges

• 60921 (Organic Vapor P100) - Recommended for optimal filtration
• 6001 (Organic Vapor)
• 6001 can also be used with P95 prefilters and 501 retainers for additional particle filtration

Materials & Components

• 3x 3M respirator cartridges (60921 recommended) - Amazon Link
• 3x 3M gasket seals - Amazon Link
• 3x 5015 blower fans (HoneyBadger 6400 RPM recommended) - Fabreeko Link
• 1x 24V AC/DC power supply (0.5 amp minimum) - Amazon Link
• 3x JST XH connectors if not soldering and using the Honeybadger fans - Amazon Link please verify and double check connector type before ordering

Installation Notes

• No permanent printer modifications required
• Positioned to efficiently capture rising VOCs from the print area
• Fans create negative pressure through the 3M filters
• Powered by standard 24V DC supply
   

Assembly and Installation
 

All the parts you should have before assembly and installation:

Step 1: Bayonet Adapter Assembly

1. Attach the gaskets to the 3M bayonet adapters
2. Slide the 5015 fans and attached adapters into the mounts, ensuring the fan intake openings align with the hole in the adapter
3. Ensure proper alignment of all components

Note: The M3 screw holes are provided as an option but are not necessary. 5015 blower fans are typically designed for pushing air outward rather than creating suction from their intake side. Applying aluminum tape around the fan housing seams can improve efficiency by preventing air leakage, though the system functions adequately without this modification.
 

Step 2: Back Plate Assembly

1. Position each fan/adapter assembly at the triangular openings in the hood/riser backplate
2. Insert the triangular part of each mount through the corresponding opening in the backplate
3. Secure each mount in place by inserting one of the spear-shaped retainers through the alignment holes on the rear of the assembly
4. Confirm all mounts are firmly locked in position before proceeding

Note: When installing the mounts, ensure you route the fan power cables through the small gap at the top of the triangular opening in the backplate. This gap was specifically designed to allow just enough clearance for the power cables while maintaining proper sealing around the mount.

Step 3: Riser Assembly

1. Gather all riser components: the center backplate (with installed fan/adapter assemblies), two back corners, and two front corners
2. Connect all pieces using the provided printed staples
3. Use the 4 flat-topped staples to secure the back corners to the backplate
4. Use the 4 sloped staples to connect the side pieces together

Note: Pay close attention to the orientation of the staples - they are designed with specific slopes to match different connection points. If any component feels difficult to connect or looks misaligned, double-check that you're using the correct parts in the correct orientation. The design is intended to fit together intuitively when properly aligned.

Step 4: Attaching Riser to Printer

1. Remove the printer's glass lid completely
2. Position the assembled riser on top of the printer
3. Locate the square holes on the front of the riser for the C clips
4. Slide the riser slightly backward from its final position
5. Attach the C clips to the front of the riser, ensuring the small lip on the top part of each clip rests in the square hole (the bottom part of the C clip should be flat)
6. Slide the riser forward until the C clips hook underneath the front lip of the printer (where the glass lid previously rested)
7. Confirm the riser is securely attached and properly positioned

Note: Proper C clip orientation is crucial - the lip on the top portion fits into the square hole in the riser, while the flat bottom portion extends under the printer's front edge. This creates a secure anchor point that prevents the riser from tilting backward when you open the glass panel for printer access.

Step 5: Installing Filters and Completing Assembly

1. Take the 60921 filter cartridges and align them with the bayonet adapters where you previously installed the gaskets
2. Note that each cartridge has three alignment tabs (one smaller than the other two)
3. Twist the cartridges clockwise to lock them into place, similar to how you would install them on a respirator
4. Once all three cartridges are securely installed, slide the glass panel on top of the riser
5. Connect the power according to the upcoming power connection instructions

Note: The filter cartridges use a standard bayonet mount system that requires a simple twist-to-lock motion. Ensure each filter clicks into place firmly to create a proper seal against the gasket. The glass panel from your printer's original lid simply rests on top of the riser, allowing you to lift it for printer access while the riser remains securely attached.

NIOSH Certification Information

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) tests and certifies respirators according to workplace safety standards (42 CFR Part 84). This certification process ensures filters meet consistent quality and performance specifications.

Files Included

• STL files for all printed components
• Wiring diagram
• Complete parts list with links
• Assembly instructions with photos

Compatibility

• Bambu Lab P1S, X1C, X1, and P1P

Project Philosophy

This project is designed as freely available PPE for 3D printing - accessible to anyone who needs it, not for profit. The modular back plate allows you to reuse the hood with different filtration solutions if desired.
 

Free to download and use - no subscriptions or paywalls. Functions as an air filtration system for your printer enclosure to reduce emissions during printing. While this system uses quality filtration components, proper ventilation is still recommended when 3D printing.
 

I welcome feedback and improvements to this design. Please share your experiences or modifications to help the community!