Open Source Hydroponic with smart aquarium

This project was living for long time in my head, then I made some part of it, and tested it for whole summer.
It consists of aquarium where I monitor temperature,water level, control lights, and pumps, then there are 2 vertical gardens, one which you can see in photos is hydroponics, second is filled with soil and I can controll irrigation by small pump.

Vertical tower is built from 50mm PVC tubes used for house waste. I printed ends, which I secured and sealed by silicone, then mounted it to 2 wooden boards. There are holes of 35mm drilled with big crown drill, where baskets fits. I originally ordered baskets for hydropony from aliexpress, problem was that as the tube is round, there was so much space between tube and basket. I had to design my most complicated 3D model so far, the basket itself. there are 2 files, one is with generated tree supports which works nice with this type of object.

As grow material I used small cubes of mineral wool found at IKEA for few euros for pack.

I pump water to the most top tube, and by cascades it flows with nutrients from aquarium produced by fish, and coming back down to aquarium. At the end of this outlet hose there is diffuser for preventing swirling of water in bottom of aquarium.

There is small motor pump from aliexpress which pumps the water, second motor irrigates second tower with soil.

For light I use red and blue grow strip, brightness is controlled by n-mosfet transistor, the same applies for both motors.

There is also white light for fish.

For temperature reading there is simple DS18b12 sensor with "waterproof" housing.

Water level is measured with simple floater like this

There is box for housing all electronics, it is based on wemos d1 mini.

You can find my other project Mini Fish Feeder which you can connect to this controller.

I use automation for running hydroponic pump every half hour for 3 minutes, this cycle the water in tubes and bring new nutrients.

As firmware I use ESPhome, for HomeAssistant, here is my code:

esphome:
  name: smart_aquarium
  platform: ESP8266
  board: d1_mini
  on_boot:
    priority: 600
    then:
        - servo.write:
            id: servo1
            level: '-10%'
        - delay: 1s
        - servo.detach: servo1  

wifi:
  ssid: "Wifi"
  password: "pass"
  #manual_ip:
   # static_ip: 192.168.3.122
   # gateway: 192.168.3.1
   # subnet: 255.255.255.0 
   # dns1: 192.168.3.1

# Enable logging
logger:
#  level: debug

# Enable Home Assistant API
api:
  password: 'pass'
#  services:
#  - service: control_servo
#    variables:
#      level: float
#    then:
#      - servo.write:
#          id: servo1
#          level: !lambda 'return level / 100.0;'
#      - sensor.template.publish:
#          id: aktualnyUhol
#          state: !lambda 'return level;'
#      - delay: 3s 
#      - servo.detach: servo1

ota:
  password: 'pass'

i2c:
  sda: D2
  scl: D4
  scan: True
  frequency: 800kHz

#ads1115:
  #- address: 0x48

switch:
  - platform: restart
    name: "Smart aquarium restart"
  
  - platform: template
    id: cerpadloRajcinySwitch
    name: "Pump second tower"
    icon: "mdi:engine-outline"
    turn_on_action:
      then:
        - switch.template.publish:
            id: cerpadloRajcinySwitch
            state: ON
        - output.turn_on: pwm_obeh_rajciny
        - output.set_level:
            id: pwm_obeh_rajciny
            level: 90%
        - delay: 15s
        - output.turn_off: pwm_obeh_rajciny
        - switch.template.publish:
            id: cerpadloRajcinySwitch
            state: OFF        
    turn_off_action:
      then:
        - output.turn_off: pwm_obeh_rajciny
        - switch.template.publish:
            id: cerpadloRajcinySwitch
            state: OFF
            
  - platform: template
    id: krmenieServoSwitch
    name: "Feed fish"
    icon: "mdi:fish"
    turn_on_action:
      then:
        - switch.template.publish:
            id: krmenieServoSwitch
            state: ON
        - servo.write:
            id: servo1
            level: '-60%'
        - delay: 1s
        - servo.write:
            id: servo1
            level: '-10%'
        - delay: 1s
        - servo.detach: servo1
        - switch.template.publish:
            id: krmenieServoSwitch
            state: OFF        
    turn_off_action:
      then:
        - servo.write:
            id: servo1
            level: '-10%'
        - delay: 1s
        - servo.detach: servo1
        - switch.template.publish:
            id: krmenieServoSwitch
            state: OFF        
            
text_sensor:
  - platform: template
    name: "Smart aquarium uptime"
    lambda: |-
      uint32_t dur = id(uptime_s).state;
      int dys = 0;
      int hrs = 0;
      int mnts = 0;
      if (dur > 86399) {
        dys = trunc(dur / 86400);
        dur = dur - (dys * 86400);
      }
      if (dur > 3599) {
        hrs = trunc(dur / 3600);
        dur = dur - (hrs * 3600);
      }
      if (dur > 59) {
        mnts = trunc(dur / 60);
        dur = dur - (mnts * 60);
      }
      char buffer[17];
      sprintf(buffer, "%ud %02uh %02um %02us", dys, hrs, mnts, dur);
      return {buffer};
    icon: mdi:clock-start
    update_interval: 30s
  
sensor:
  - platform: uptime
    id: uptime_s
    update_interval: 30s

  - platform: wifi_signal
    name: "Smart aquarium WiFi Signal"
    update_interval: 60s  

  - platform: dallas
    address: 0x6C0302977937FA28
    name: "Water temperature aquarium" 


dallas:
  - pin: D3
    update_interval: 30s

binary_sensor:
  - platform: gpio
    pin:
      number: D7
      inverted: no
      mode: INPUT_PULLUP
    name: "Low water level aquarium"
    filters:
      - delayed_on: 200ms
      - delayed_off: 200ms
    device_class: moisture
    
output:
  - platform: esp8266_pwm
    pin: D0
    frequency: 1000 Hz
    id: pwm_obeh_hydroponia
  
  - platform: esp8266_pwm
    pin: D8
    frequency: 1000 Hz
    id: pwm_svetla_hydroponia

  - platform: esp8266_pwm
    pin: D5
    frequency: 1000 Hz
    id: pwm_svetla_akvarium
    
  - platform: esp8266_pwm
    pin: D6
    frequency: 1000 Hz
    id: pwm_obeh_rajciny

  - platform: esp8266_pwm
    id: pwm_servo_krmenie
    pin: D1
    frequency: 50 Hz    

servo:
  - id: servo1
    output: pwm_servo_krmenie   

light:
  - platform: monochromatic
    output: pwm_svetla_hydroponia
    name: "Lights hydropony"    
  
  - platform: monochromatic
    output: pwm_svetla_akvarium
    name: "Lights aquarium"   

fan:
  - platform: speed
    output: pwm_obeh_hydroponia
    name: "Pump hydropony"
    speed:
      low: 0.25
      medium: 0.35
      high: 0.35

    

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