• Models
  • Contests
  • Slicer
  • Login
  • Start Here
    thingiverse-iconprintables-iconcults3d-iconmakerworld-iconmyminifactory-icon

    3D GO

    3D ModelsContestsCollectionsSaved ModelsOn a mobile device?

3D GO

Privacy Policy
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 1
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 2
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 3
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 4
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 5
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 6
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 7
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 8
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 9
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 10
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 11
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 12
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 13
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 14
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 15
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Image 16
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 1
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 2
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 3
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 4
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 5
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 6
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 7
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 8
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 9
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 10
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 11
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 12
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 13
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 14
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 15
Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine 3D Printer File Thumbnail 16

Circle-to-Sine Drawing Machine

PrinTopic avatarPrinTopic

May 19, 2025

thingiverse-icon
DescriptionCommentsTags

Description

🇬🇧 English

This "Circle-to-Sine" Machine: A Mechanical Demo of Circular Motion Creating a Sine Wave

The "Circle-to-Sine" machine is a hands-on demonstration of a fundamental concept in mathematics and physics: how circular motion can be transformed into a sinusoidal wave. Here's how it works:

  • Core Principle: When a point moves in a circular path (like on a rotating wheel), its position can be projected onto a straight line. If you track the vertical (or horizontal) position of that point over time, it follows a sine wave pattern. This machine makes that concept tangible by mechanically converting the rotation of a wheel into the linear motion of a pen, which draws the sine wave on paper.

  • How It Works Mechanically:

    1. Rotation: You turn the KnobRotator, which is connected to the Rotating Gear and Flywheel. This creates a steady circular motion.
    2. Conversion to Linear Motion: The Flywheel has an eccentric hole (off-center), where the Connecting Rod is attached. As the Flywheel rotates, the Connecting Rod moves back and forth.
    3. Drawing the Wave: The other end of the Connecting Rod is attached to the Piston, which holds a pen. The Piston slides linearly in the Housing, guided by linear guides (and optionally the Linear Gear). As you rotate the Flywheel, the pen moves back and forth along the x-axis, tracing a sine wave on the paper.
    4. Time Representation: The rotation of the Flywheel represents the passage of time. One full rotation of the Flywheel corresponds to one complete cycle of the sine wave, which is why the x-axis of the drawn wave is often labeled in terms of the angle (e.g., (2π) for one full rotation).
  • Why It’s a Sine Wave: Mathematically, if a point moves in a circle of radius r, its y-coordinate as a function of the angle θ is y = r sin(θ). As θ increases linearly with time (due to constant rotation, e.g., θ = ω t, with ω as angular velocity), the y-coordinate (or in this case, the horizontal position of the pen) traces a sine wave. The amplitude of the wave is determined by the distance of the eccentric hole from the center of the Flywheel, and the period of the wave depends on how fast you rotate the Flywheel.

This machine is designed to be assembled without glue or screws—all parts press together for easy assembly.
All parts are support-free except the CircleToSin-Knob.stl, which requires support during 3D printing.
It’s perfect for education, maker demos, or as a fun math-meets-mechanics gadget to explore the connection between circular motion and sinusoidal waves.

Feel free to remix it, share feedback, or use it in class!

Print Settings:

  • Shells: 2
  • Layer Height: 0.2 mm
  • Material: PLA
  • Support: Not needed except for CircleToSin-Knob.stl, which requires support.

🇩🇪 Deutsch

Diese „Kreis-zu-Sinus“-Maschine: Mechanische Demonstration, wie Kreisbewegung eine Sinuswelle erzeugt

Die „Kreis-zu-Sinus“-Maschine ist eine praktische Demonstration eines grundlegenden Konzepts aus Mathematik und Physik: wie eine Kreisbewegung in eine sinusförmige Welle umgewandelt werden kann. So funktioniert sie:

  • Grundprinzip: Wenn sich ein Punkt auf einem Kreis bewegt (gleichförmige Kreisbewegung), kann seine Position auf eine gerade Linie projiziert werden. Verfolgt man die vertikale (oder horizontale) Position dieses Punktes über die Zeit, ergibt sich ein sinusförmiges Muster. Diese Maschine macht dieses Konzept greifbar, indem sie die Rotation eines Rades mechanisch in eine lineare Bewegung eines Stifts umwandelt, der die Sinuswelle auf Papier zeichnet.

  • Mechanische Funktionsweise:

    1. Rotation: Du drehst den KnobRotator, der mit dem Rotating Gear und dem Flywheel verbunden ist. Das erzeugt eine gleichmäßige Kreisbewegung.
    2. Umwandlung in lineare Bewegung: Das Flywheel hat ein exzentrisches Loch (nicht im Zentrum), an dem die Connecting Rod befestigt ist. Während das Flywheel rotiert, bewegt sich die Connecting Rod hin und her.
    3. Zeichnen der Welle: Das andere Ende der Connecting Rod ist mit dem Piston verbunden, der den Stift hält. Der Piston gleitet linear im Housing, geführt durch lineare Führungen (und optional den Linear Gear). Während du das Flywheel drehst, bewegt sich der Stift entlang der x-Achse hin und her und zeichnet eine Sinuswelle auf das Papier.
    4. Zeitdarstellung: Die Rotation des Flywheels repräsentiert den Verlauf der Zeit. Eine vollständige Umdrehung des Flywheels entspricht einem vollständigen Zyklus der Sinuswelle, weshalb die x-Achse der gezeichneten Welle oft in Bezug auf den Winkel (z. B. (2π) für eine volle Umdrehung) skaliert ist.
  • Warum eine Sinuswelle entsteht: Mathematisch betrachtet ist die y-Koordinate eines Punktes, der sich auf einem Kreis mit Radius r bewegt, als Funktion des Winkels θ gegeben durch y = r sin(θ). Da θ mit der Zeit linear zunimmt (durch konstante Rotation, z. B. θ = ω t, mit ω als Winkelgeschwindigkeit), zeichnet die y-Koordinate (oder hier die horizontale Position des Stifts) eine Sinuswelle. Die Amplitude der Welle wird durch den Abstand des exzentrischen Lochs vom Zentrum des Flywheels bestimmt, und die Periodendauer hängt davon ab, wie schnell du das Flywheel drehst.

Das Modell ist so konstruiert, dass alle Teile ohne Kleber oder Schrauben zusammengebaut werden können.
Nur für das Teil CircleToSin-Knob.stl wird Support beim 3D-Druck benötigt.
Es eignet sich ideal für den Unterricht, Maker-Projekte oder als spannendes mathematisch-mechanisches Spielzeug, um den Zusammenhang zwischen Kreisbewegung und sinusförmigen Wellen zu erkunden.

Gern remixen, verbessern oder im Unterricht einsetzen!

Druckeinstellungen:

  • Shells: 2
  • Layerhöhe: 0.2 mm
  • Material: PLA
  • Support: Nicht nötig, außer für CircleToSin-Knob.stl — dieser benötigt Support.

🛠️ Assembly Instructions: Circle-to-Sine Drawer

This device demonstrates how a sinusoidal curve is generated from circular motion. Follow these detailed steps to assemble the mechanism:

🔧 Assembly Order

  1. Push the Knob onto the Flywheel
    (CircleToSin-Knob.stl → CircleToSin-Flywheel.stl)
    Note: This part requires support during printing.
    The knob serves as a spacer between the flywheel and the gear, ensuring smooth rotation and proper alignment.

  2. Place the Rotating Gear on top of the Knob
    (CircleToSin-RotatingGear.stl)
    Ensure it rotates freely without excessive friction. This gear transfers the rotational force from the KnobRotator.

  3. Mount the KnobRotator on top of the Rotating Gear
    (CircleToSin-KnobRotator.stl)
    This handle allows you to manually rotate the entire system and initiate the circular motion.

  4. Connect the Connecting Rod to the Flywheel
    (CircleToSin-ConnectingRod.stl)
    Attach it to the eccentric hole on the Flywheel. The off-center position of this connection is key to converting circular motion into linear motion.

  5. Connect the other end of the Connecting Rod to the Piston
    (CircleToSin-Piston.stl)
    The piston holds the pen and moves linearly. Ensure a snug fit to allow smooth sliding without wobbling.

  6. Insert all assembled parts into the Housing
    (CircleToSin-Housing.stl)
    The housing acts as a frame, holding all components in place and providing linear guides for the piston’s movement.

  7. (Optional) Insert the Linear Gear
    (CircleToSin-LinearGear.stl)
    This piece enhances the stability of the piston’s linear motion and can be added for smoother operation.

If desired, I can provide an even more detailed step-by-step explanation. Just let me know!

🖊️ Operation

  • Insert a pen (e.g., Stabilo felt-tip pen) into the hole in the piston. Ensure it is securely held and can move freely with the piston.
  • Rotate the KnobRotator slowly and steadily — the pen will move along the x-axis, driven by the connecting rod’s conversion of the Flywheel’s circular motion into linear motion. As the Flywheel completes one full rotation, the pen traces a complete sine wave on the paper, visually demonstrating the mathematical relationship between circular motion and sinusoidal waves.

Circle-to-Sine Machine: Detailed Explanation

Mathematical Foundation

The machine illustrates how a sine wave arises from circular motion. A point moving on a circle of radius r has coordinates (r cos θ, r sin θ), where θ is the angle of rotation. As θ increases linearly with time (e.g., θ = ω t, with ω as angular velocity), the y-coordinate y = r sin(ω t) describes a sine wave. In the machine, the eccentric connection of the Connecting Rod to the Flywheel projects this circular motion onto the linear path of the Piston, resulting in the sine wave drawn by the pen.

Mechanical Process

  1. Rotation Input: Turning the KnobRotator drives the Rotating Gear and Flywheel, initiating a uniform circular motion.
  2. Motion Conversion: The eccentric hole on the Flywheel, linked to the Connecting Rod, translates the circular motion into oscillatory linear motion.
  3. Wave Generation: The Piston, guided by the Housing, moves the pen horizontally. As the paper (or machine) shifts, the pen traces a sine wave, with the amplitude set by the eccentric offset and the period determined by the rotation speed.
  4. Time Axis: The Flywheel’s rotation serves as a time axis, where one revolution (θ = 2π) corresponds to one sine wave cycle.

Educational Value

This device makes abstract trigonometric concepts tangible, allowing users to see how periodic functions relate to physical movement. It’s a great tool for classrooms, STEM workshops, or anyone curious about math and mechanics.


License:

Creative Commons - Attribution - Non-Commercial

Related Models

Drawing Robot - Arduino Uno + CNC Shield + GRBL preview image

Drawing Robot - Arduino Uno + CNC Shield + GRBL

henryarnold profile image

henryarnold

11,664

Scara 2D Drawing Robot - ESP32 five-bar link preview image

Scara 2D Drawing Robot - ESP32 five-bar link

matixovi profile image

matixovi

2,045

POLAR DRAWBOT preview image

POLAR DRAWBOT

daGHIZmo profile image

daGHIZmo

4,681

Drawing Robot - Arduino Uno + CNC Shield + GRBL preview image

Drawing Robot - Arduino Uno + CNC Shield + GRBL

kattivik76 profile image

kattivik76

300

Drawing Machine preview image

Drawing Machine

cyul profile image

cyul

2,086

Build a Simple 3D CNC Plotter preview image

Build a Simple 3D CNC Plotter

maker101io profile image

maker101io

333